ਵਿਗਿਆਨ ਤੇ ਗਣਿਤ · Science & Mathematics
ਜੀਵ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ ਦੇ ਸੰਕਲਪ
Concepts of Biology
OpenStax · original English
Fetched from OpenStax's own live content archive JSON API (the same API their REX web reader uses), not an EPUB — see the header comment of scripts/ingest-openstax.mjs for why. Punjabi translation in pa/ is a machine-translated CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 derivative; non-commercial only. Licence: CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0.
ਪੜ੍ਹਨਾ ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਕਰੋ — Start reading210 ਵਿੱਚੋਂ 208 ਹਿੱਸਿਆਂ ਦਾ ਅਨੁਵਾਦ ਹੋਇਆ208 of 210 sections translated੯੯%
ਅਨੁਵਾਦ ਦਾ ਕੰਮ ਜਾਰੀ ਹੈ। ਬਾਕੀ ਹਿੱਸੇ ਇਸ ਵੇਲੇ ਸਿਰਫ਼ ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਹਨ।ਅਜੇ ਜਾਰੀ ਹੈTranslation still in progress — the remaining sections are English only for now.
੨੦੮ sections with full text in this preview
Punjabi is machine-translated and unreviewed.
ਤਤਕਰਾ
Contents · 210Chapter 1: Unit 1 The Cellular Foundation of Life
Chapter 2: Unit 2 Cell Division and Genetics
Chapter 3: Unit 3 Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
- Introductionਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- How Cells Are Studiedਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Comparing Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cellsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Eukaryotic Cellsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- The Cell Membraneਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Passive Transportਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Active Transportਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Key Termsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Chapter Summaryਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Visual Connection Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Review Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Critical Thinking Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
Chapter 4: Unit 4 Evolution and the Diversity of Life
- Introductionਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Energy and Metabolismਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Glycolysisਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Citric Acid Cycle and Oxidative Phosphorylationਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Fermentationਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Connections to Other Metabolic Pathwaysਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Key Termsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Chapter Summaryਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Visual Connection Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Review Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Critical Thinking Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
Chapter 5: Unit 5 Animal Structure and Function
- Introductionਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Overview of Photosynthesisਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- The Light-Dependent Reactions of Photosynthesisਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- The Calvin Cycleਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Key Termsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Chapter Summaryਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Visual Connection Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Review Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Critical Thinking Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
Chapter 6: Unit 6 Ecology
- Introductionਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- The Genomeਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- The Cell Cycleਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Cancer and the Cell Cycleਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Prokaryotic Cell Divisionਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Key Termsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Chapter Summaryਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Visual Connection Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Review Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Critical Thinking Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
- Introductionਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- The Structure of DNAਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- DNA Replicationਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Transcriptionਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Translationਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- How Genes Are Regulatedਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Key Termsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Chapter Summaryਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Visual Connection Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Review Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Critical Thinking Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
Chapter 10
- Introductionਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Cloning and Genetic Engineeringਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Biotechnology in Medicine and Agricultureਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Genomics and Proteomicsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Key Termsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Chapter Summaryਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Visual Connection Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Review Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Critical Thinking Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
Chapter 11
- Introductionਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Discovering How Populations Changeਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Mechanisms of Evolutionਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Evidence of Evolutionਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Speciationਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Common Misconceptions about Evolutionਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Key Termsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Chapter Summaryਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Visual Connection Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Review Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Critical Thinking Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
- Introductionਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- The Plant Kingdomਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Seedless Plantsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Seed Plants: Gymnospermsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Seed Plants: Angiospermsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Key Termsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Chapter Summaryਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Visual Connection Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Review Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Critical Thinking Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
Chapter 15
- Introductionਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Features of the Animal Kingdomਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Sponges and Cnidariansਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Flatworms, Nematodes, and Arthropodsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Mollusks and Annelidsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Echinoderms and Chordatesਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Vertebratesਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Key Termsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Chapter Summaryਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Visual Connection Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Review Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Critical Thinking Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
Chapter 16
- Introductionਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Homeostasis and Osmoregulationਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Digestive Systemਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Circulatory and Respiratory Systemsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Endocrine Systemਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Musculoskeletal Systemਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Nervous Systemਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Key Termsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Chapter Summaryਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Visual Connection Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Review Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Critical Thinking Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
Chapter 17
Chapter 18
Chapter 19
- Introductionਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Population Demographics and Dynamicsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Population Growth and Regulationਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- The Human Populationਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Community Ecologyਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Key Termsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Chapter Summaryਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Visual Connection Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Review Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Critical Thinking Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
Chapter 20
- Introductionਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Energy Flow through Ecosystemsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Biogeochemical Cyclesਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Terrestrial Biomesਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Aquatic and Marine Biomesਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Key Termsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Chapter Summaryਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Visual Connection Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Review Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Critical Thinking Questionsਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
Chapter 21
Appendices
- Geological Timeਪੜ੍ਹੋ · read
- Measurements and the Metric Systemnot yet translated